To begin with, it can be noticed with the increasing oil and gas activities, that there has been an exponentially large amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs) that have been emitted into the atmosphere. This particular phenomenon adheres mostly to Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions. With that, the technique of trapping CO2 produced during power production and industrial operations and preserving it so that it is not released into the environment is known as carbon capture and sequestration/storage (CCS). CCS technologies offer a lot of promise for lowering CO2 emissions in energy systems. CCS-equipped plants can collect nearly all of the CO2 that is emitted.

To begin with, the upstream sector in the oil and gas industry is presently confronted with some of the most serious environmental, health, and safety issues it has ever faced. The oil and gas sectors continue to be a major source of revenue for the global economy. On the one hand, worldwide demand for fossil fuels continues to rise. At the same time, firms encounter difficult investment hurdles due to the tough operating environment of exploration and production operations.

To begin with, the oil and gas industry has uncovered about 15.5 billion barrels of oil equivalent (bboe) of reserves since the first discovery of oil in the Eastern Desert during the late 19th century. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the future potential for multiplying Egypt's oil reserves by looking at the tectono-stratigraphic past of each significant basin, as well as drilling record and field size allocations. Additionally, the Egyptian government has continued to promote international oil firms to invest in Egypt since 1970, resulting in the ongoing and intense exploration in Egypt’s untapped unique geological makeup.

Natural gas and renewable energy are important components of a strong national energy market in order of energy security. Nevertheless, there are significant, although not overwhelming, obstacles to using natural gas and renewable energy to lessen our country's dependency on imported oil for transportation applications.

Since Paris Agreement invited the world countries to formulate a long-term low greenhouse gas emission strategies to limit global warming to 1.5 to 2.0 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, more countries and businesses began to formulate their carbon neutrality plans. This made zero-carbon solutions competitive across economic sectors that produce nearly 25% of emissions, while the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) expects such zero-carbon solutions to be more competitive in sectors representing over 70% of global emissions by 2030.

Upstream activities have a huge role to play in environmental impacts and could result in high carbon dioxide emissions, increased energy consumption, air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, deforestation, flooding, and even endangered biodiversity. Land clearing, hydrocarbon extraction from inside the soil, feasibility testing, construction and processing, transportation, storage, and distribution to the first customer are all part of the upstream phase in the oil and gas sector; all of which require technological remediation procedures to ensure land preservation and environmental conservation.

Many companies around the globe have had to transition to new methods of operation in order to comply with social distancing and COVID rules as a result of the global pandemic. Workers in the oil and gas industry believe that the events of 2020 have now ushered in a new standard for the industry, with 86% claiming that this is the current case or will be in the immediate future.

To begin with, the concept of Green Hydrogen is a new trend in the industry pertaining to its formation from natural gas resources. Over the last few years, interest in this particular topic has peaked exponentially. Green Hydrogen can be used as a raw material for chemical reactions to generate a variety of biofuels, and it is a good energy carrier for applications that are isolated from electricity grids or need a high energy content by weight. Green hydrogen has the potential to bridge the gap between increasing and sustainable renewable energy production and hard-to-electrify sectors.

Needless to say, the world of oil and gas is very rough and tough; it is traditionally known as a male-dominated environment. However, some oil and gas companies are keen to ensure gender parity and workforce diversity, while others are leaving the gender gap to get wider. Although many companies seek to integrate gender parity in their policies, activities, and processes, they still fight a lot of issues like gender disparity, and unconscious bias in many aspects. Hence, changing mindsets, offering fair opportunities, and implementing supportive policies are necessary to promote diversity.

To begin with, the employment of women in male-dominated industries has increased exponentially over the last several decades. However, the fact remains that this achievement does come with its own set of challenges.There are several obstacles that women face as they attempt to climb the business hierarchy in their field of expertise. Due to the diverse range of skills that the renewable energy and the oil and gas industry have to offer, the possibilities looking into the future for successful women in the energy industry are endless.